Eksperimenti na stanicama miševa pokazuju novi mehanizam koji ukazuje na potencijalne prednosti kokosovog ulja u upravljanju Alzheimerova bolest
Alzheimerova bolest je progresivan mozak disorder affecting 50 million people worldwide. No cure has been discovered yet for Alzheimerova; some forms of treatment available can only relieve symptoms associated with the disease. Alzheimerova disease is characterized by hard, insoluble plaque buildup (of amyloid beta proteins) between neurons in the mozak. This leads to impaired transmission of impulses across neurons and causes symptoms of Alzheimerova disease – primarily deterioration of memory. Amyloid beta 40 and Amyloid beta 42 proteins are most abundantly present in the plakete. Amiloid beta proteini are dependent on expression of amyloid precursor protein (APP). Research has established the significance of amyloid precursor protein in Alzheimerova bolest. Djelomično smanjenje aktivnosti APP-a smatra se terapijom za Alzheimerovu bolest, iako točan mehanizam koji objašnjava nakupljanje amiloidnih beta proteina još nije u potpunosti shvaćen.
Više studija u prošlosti pokazalo je da je djevica kokosovo ulje possibly impacts several pathways which then contributes to progression of Alzheimerova disease. Coconut oil constitutes mainly of absorbable medium chain fatty acids metabolized easily by the liver. These fatty acids could also be converted to ketones – considered as an alternate source of energy for neurons. Coconut oil has been shown to have anti-oxidant effects in protecting neurons. These properties make coconut oil a unique dietary fat.
U najnovijoj studiji objavljenoj u Mozak Istraživanje, researchers have investigated the potential effects of coconut oil on the expression of important amyloid precursor protein (APP) which is responsible for amyloid plaque formation. Researchers explored expression of amyloid precursor protein and secretion of amyloid peptides in mammalian cell line Neuro 2A (or N2a) stanice which express APP gene. This neural cell line is routinely used to study neuronal differentiation, axonal growth and signaling pathways. In the current study, N2a cells underwent treatment with 0-5 percent concentrations of coconut oil and this led to reduced amyloid precursor protein expression in the cells and also decreased secretion of amyloid peptides 40 and 42. Additionally coconut oil also promoted N2a stanice differentiation pointing out that coconut oil has a protecting effect on neuronal cells development.
Rezultati su pokazali da ADP-ribozilacijski faktor 1 (ARF1) – a protein važan za sekretorni put – vjerojatno pridonosi učincima kokosovog ulja na ekspresiju APP i izlučivanje amiloidnih peptida. Bilo je jasno da je kokosovo ulje to postiglo vjerojatnom interakcijom s ARF1. Poznato je da je ARF1 odgovoran za sortiranje i transport proteina omotača u stanici. Ovo je prvi put da je prikazana povezanost između ARF1 i obrade amiloidnog prekursora proteina (APP). Ova povezanost regulirana je tretmanom kokosovim uljem. Nokautiranjem ARF1 smanjeno je lučenje amiloidnih peptida čime se uspostavlja uloga proteina ARF1 u regulaciji APP.
Studija opisuje dosad neprijavljenu ulogu kokosovog ulja u smanjenju ekspresije amiloidnog prekursora proteina (APP) i izlučivanja amiloidnih peptida, učinak koji se postiže smanjenjem regulacije ARF1. Dakle, ARF1 je odgovoran za transport APP unutar neurona, dok kokosovo ulje utječe na funkciju i ekspresiju APP-a. Studija opisuje novu perspektivu unutarstanične trgovine proteinom prekursora amiloida i to je ključno za razumijevanje Alzheimerove bolesti.
This study suggests that using coconut oil in diet early in one’s life, especially in people genetically predisposed towards Alzheimerova disease due to family history, can delay or even stop the onset of the disease. Current and past studies warrant additional investigations and human clinical trials to assess dosage and safety of coconut oil. Coconut oil is inexpensive, is readily available and could be easily incorporated into the diet of at-risk patients.
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Izvor (i)
Bansal A et al 2019. Kokosovo ulje smanjuje ekspresiju amiloidnog prekursorskog proteina (APP) i izlučivanje amiloidnih peptida kroz inhibiciju ADP-ribozilacijskog faktora 1 (ARF1). Istraživanje mozga. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brainres.2018.10.001
