Ljudski Proteome Project (HPP) was launched in 2010 after successful completion of Ljudski Genome Project (HGP) to identify, characterise and map ljudski proteome (the entire set of proteins expressed by the ljudski genome). On its tenth anniversary, HPP has released the first high-stringency blueprint that covers 90.4% of the ljudski proteome. As the code of life, this milestone has very significant implications for ljudski health and therapeutics.
Dovršeno u 2003, Ljudski Genome Project (HGP) was an international collaboration set up in 1990 with an aim to identify the complete set of ljudski genes and to determine the complete sequence of DNA bases in the ljudski genome. On January 15, 2001, HGP had released initial sequence and analysis of the ljudski genome. Identifying, characterizing and mapping of ljudski proteome (entire complement of proteins coded by the genome) was the next logical step. Therefore, Ljudski Proteome Organization (HUPO) was formed on February 9, 2001 to promote proteomics research. On September 23, 2010 HUPO officially launched Ljudski Proteome Project (HPP) with an aim to prepare a blueprint of the ljudski Proteom (1).
Analiza ljudski Genom predicts around 20,300 protein-coding genes. The entire set of proteins coded by these genes constitute the ‘ljudski proteome’. Ljudski proteome is much larger than ‘human genome’ because one gene can be expressed in range of forms (proteoforms) as a result of chemical modifications during and after translation. It is estimated that a million proteoforms may coexist in a single individual. In 2010, at the start of HPP, barely 70% of the proteins predicted by the genome analysis were identified. The agenda of the proteome project was to fill this knowledge gap. With the advances in technology, it has become possible to detect and quantify proteins and their forms with higher precision. Still, there are a good number of missing proteins (proteini predviđeno analizom genoma, ali još uvijek neotkriveno) (2,3). Projekt je još u tijeku; međutim, dostignuta je prekretnica.
Dana 16. listopada 2020., na svoju desetu godišnjicu, HPP je objavio prvi nacrt visoke strogosti koji pokriva 90.4% ljudskog proteoma (1). To značajno poboljšava naše znanje o ljudskoj biologiji i razumijevanje molekularnih mehanizama na staničnoj i molekularnoj razini, posebice uloge koju igra ljudski proteom što izravno vodi do istraživanja i razvoja dijagnostike i terapije za rak, kardiovaskularne i zarazne bolesti, posebno za personalizirane i precizna medicina (4).
Razvoj čovjeka Protein Atlas predstavlja vrlo značajan napredak za daljnja istraživanja u području humane dijagnostike i terapije (5,6).
***
Reference:
- HUPO 2021. Vremenska traka proteomike. Dostupno na https://hupo.org/Proteomics-Timeline.
- neXtProt 2021. Ljudski proteom. Dostupno online na https://www.nextprot.org/about/human-proteome Pristupljeno 30. prosinca 2020.
- Inserm, 2020. Proteomika: kod života preveden s više od 90%. Objavljeno 07. prosinca 2020. Dostupno na adresi https://www.inserm.fr/actualites-et-evenements/actualites/proteomique-code-vie-traduit-plus-90 Pristupljeno 30. prosinca 2020.
- Adhikari, S., Nice, EC, Deutsch, EW et al. 2020. Visoko strogi nacrt ljudskog proteoma. Objavljeno: 16. listopada 2020. Komunikacija o prirodi 11, 5301 (2020). DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-020-19045-9
- Digre A. i Lindskog C., 2020. Atlas ljudskih proteina – prostorna lokalizacija ljudskog proteoma u zdravlju i bolesti. Protein Science Volume 30, Issue 1. Prvi put objavljeno: 04. studenog 2020. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/pro.3987
- Atlas ljudskih proteina 2020. Atlas ljudskih bjelančevina Dostupno na mreži na adresi https://www.proteinatlas.org/about Pristupljeno 30. prosinca 2020.
***
